External Features of the Liver

Overview

The liver, the largest gland in the human body, has distinct external features that are key to understanding its anatomical and functional roles. Here, we will explore the two primary surfaces of the liver: the diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces, along with its single border, the inferior border.

Diaphragmatic Surface

The diaphragmatic surface of the liver is the portion that is in contact with the diaphragm. This surface is further subdivided into four regions:

1. Superior Surface: This part lies directly beneath the diaphragm and is the uppermost region of the liver.
2. Anterior Surface: Facing the front of the body, this surface is located just below the ribcage.
3. Right Lateral Surface: Positioned on the right side of the body, this surface extends laterally under the ribs.
4. Posterior Surface: Situated at the back, this part of the diaphragmatic surface is adjacent to the vertebral column.

Visceral Surface

The visceral surface of the liver is the part that faces downward and is in contact with the abdominal organs. This surface is complex and houses several important anatomical landmarks, including the gallbladder and the porta hepatis, which is the gateway for the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile ducts.

Inferior Border

The inferior border of the liver is the edge that separates the diaphragmatic surface from the visceral surface. This border is sharp and well-defined, providing a clear demarcation between the two surfaces.

Understanding these external features is crucial for medical students and professionals as it aids in the diagnosis and treatment of liver-related conditions. For a deeper dive into the liver's anatomy, refer to the other modules in this course.

For more details on the liver's location, visit the Location of the Liver page.

For information on the liver's shape, size, and color, check out the Shape, Size, and Color of the Liver page.